New Di-(p-hydroxybenzyl) A Hydroxylamine from Gastrodia eleta Bl

Gush.()(/i'leleluBI.isapronlinenttraditionalchineseherbmedicinei.Studiesonthecllenlicalcollstituentsofthisplantwerestartedtwentyyearsago=1andsincethenman}'papershavebeenpublished=-'.However.previouswork1hostlyreportedtheisolationsofphenolcompoundsincludingtheirglycosides=-'.Duringourreinvestigatingonthisplant,di-(p-hydroxybenzyl)hydroxylamineI(Figurel)wasisolatedanditsstructurewaselucidatedonthebasisofHRFABMS(highresolutiontestatombombardmentmassspectroscopy),and1DandZDNMRexperiments.Po…     

Identification of major metabolites in rat urine and plasma of N(6) -(4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside by LC/MS/MS

N(6) -(4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside, a novel neuroprotective compound found in Gastrodia elata at trace level, is regarded as a potential drug for the treatment of neural degenerative disease. To understand the metabolism of this compound, the metabolites in rat urine and plasma of N(6) -(4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS after oral administration of this compound. Beside the parent compound, six phase I metabolites and four phase II metabolites in urine were detected by scanning all possible metabolites in extracted ion chromatograms mode. By comparing their product ion spectra and retention times with those of parent compound, these metabolites were identified and proved to be mainly formed via hydrolysis or hydroxylation in phase I, N-sulfation or N-glucuronidation in phase II or their combinations. Similarly, the parent compound, one phase I metabolite and two phase II metabolites were also identified in rat plasma. Therefore, the in vivo metabolic pathways of N(6) -(4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside in rat were proposed.     

Multiple enzyme linked immunosorbent assay system on a capillary-assembled microchip integrating valving and immuno-reaction functions

Gastrodin is a bioactive constituent of rhizome in Gastrodia elata Blume (Orchidaceae) The aim of this study is to develop a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatographic method coupled to microdialysis sampling system to measure the unbound of gastrodin in rat blood, brain and bile. Microdialysis probes were simultaneously inserted into the jugular vein, brain striatum and bile duct of each anesthetized rat for sampling after the administration of gastrodin (100 or 300 mg kg⁻¹) through the femoral vein. Separation of unbound gastrodin from various biological fluids was applied to an RP-select B column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile–50 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer–triethylamine (5:95:0.1, v/v/v, adjusted to pH 2.5 with orthophosphoric acid) with a flow rate of 1 mL min⁻¹. The UV detector wavelength was set at 221 nm. Fifteen minutes after the administration, the gastrodin reached the peak concentration in brain and bile. In addition, the results indicate that gastrodin penetrates the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and goes through hepatobiliary excretion.     

傅里叶自解卷积-红外光谱分析法应用于中药天麻的鉴别研究

采用水平衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱法(HATR-FTIR)对不同产地的野生及种植天麻与伪品芭蕉芋、芋及马铃薯进行了测定,并通过傅里叶自解卷积(FSD)进行了转换。在各种带宽因子及增强因子下对真伪品傅里叶自解卷积红外光谱的差异程度进行了分析研究,结果发现带宽因子在75.0～76.0,增强因子为3.2时,天麻与伪品的FSD-IR的差异程度最为明显。结果表明,尽管从FTIR中很难发现野生及种植天麻、无性繁殖及有性繁殖天麻之间的差异,但从FSD-IR中可以看出他们之间的差异。而天麻正品与伪品之间的FSD-IR差别也较大。因此该法可简便、快速、准确地识别不同的天麻及其伪品。     

X衍射指纹图谱及相似度分析用于鉴别野生和栽培天麻

用X射线粉末衍射法建立了野生和栽培天麻及伪品羊角天麻的指纹图谱。通过数字信号处理技术提取天麻样品的特征信息,按2θ进行相似度计算和分析。天麻的XRD指纹图谱呈多峰重叠的弥散性峰,识别图谱的整体轮廓能区分真伪天麻。野生与栽培天麻的差异主要是2θ在5～10°和30～50°间,通过数字信号处理技术提取低频信号,能有效鉴别野生和栽培天麻。相似度的计算结果进一步表明方法的可行性。     

天麻中对羟基苯类化合物的高效液相色谱-质谱研究

天麻中对羟基苯类化合物的(EsI(-))一级质谱图中除分子离子峰[M-1]外，还可见明显的[M-1 20] m[2m-1]峰，由此规律可方便确证未知同类样品的分子离子峰。由二级质谱(ESI/MS/MS)的特征碎片离子93、105和107等，结合紫外光谱及核磁结果确定了3个不纯样品中主要成分的结构，同时初步确定了两个同类杂质的结构。     

ICP-AES测定黔产天麻中微量元素

用干法灰化,电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定黔产野生和栽培天麻中人体必须微量元素的含量,实验证明,用干法灰化黔产野生和栽培天麻,样品消解完全,可以满足ICP-AES的检测要求,在选定的最佳条件下用ICP-AES检测各元素回收率在82%-99.5%之间,检出限为5-12ng·mL-1,该方法的相对标准偏差小于3.2%.为天麻中微量元素的测定提出了一个准确可行的方法,并为黔产野生及栽培天麻的开发提供可靠的依据.     

高效液相色谱法分离/蒸发光散射和紫外检测法测定天麻中天麻甙含量

天麻（Gastrodia elata Blume）系兰科多年生寄生植物,用于治疗头错、眩晕、肢体麻木等症,冯孝章和周俊等分离并鉴定出天麻的活性成分有天麻甙（对羟甲基苯β－D－吡喃葡萄糖式,亦称天麻素）、天麻甙元（对羟基苯甲醇）等,其中天麻甙为主要成分,一些药理实验也证实了这一点,在测定天麻甙含量的方法中,采用高效液相色谱法9HPLC）最多,正相PHLC和反相HPLC都可用于天麻及其占天麻甙的分离,-通常采用紫外检测法,检测波长在220nm或270nm处。     

Gastradefurphenol,a minor 9,9'-neolignan with a new carbon skeleton substituted by two p-hydroxybenzyls from an aqueous extract of “tian ma”

Gastradefurphenol (1), a minor 9,9'-neolignan with a novel carbon skeleton substituted by two p-hydroxybenzyls was isolated from an aqueous extract of the Gastrodia elata rhizomes (tian ma). Its structure was determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis. Solvent-dependent free rotational restriction of bonds and equilibrium of two molecular states are discussed by comparison of the NMR spectroscopic data of 1 in acetone-d₆ with those in CD₃OD. A biogenetic pathway of 1 is postulated to be associated with metabolic processes of L-tyrosine.     

云南昭通产天麻中天麻多糖含量的测定

建立了用苯酚-硫酸法测定云南昭通产天麻中天麻多糖的方法,实验结果表明：该法用于天麻多糖的含量测定时,供试品溶液在180min内显色稳定,RSD=0.351％（n=6）;回收率在97.36％-100.88％之间,平均回收率为99.25％,RSD=1.447％（n=6）.本实验结果可靠,并且该法不受蛋白质的影响.通过回收率实验可知,本法所测多糖含量,准确率较高,重复性较好,且此法简便,灵敏.为其质量标准的研究提供实验依据,并为天麻多糖的进一步研究奠定了基础.